A review published in May 2020 stated that while there were no published nutrition studies specific to COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2, there was evidence from acute respiratory distress syndrome in other clinical settings that demonstrated that n-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA can help control the cytokine storm. Study authors stated that while this therapeutic treatment protocol had not been tried in the treatment of severe COVID-19, it might be something to consider.
The review also stated that in general, vitamins A, B6, B12, C, E, folate and trace minerals such as iron, zinc, selenium, and copper are vital in reducing the risk of infections and supporting immune function. Ensuring a healthy diet containing these essential vitamins and minerals, or supplementing when dietary sources are inadequate, may be helpful in preventing illness. This review also noted that gut health was important in maintaining a healthy immune system and that consuming fermented foods and a diet rich in fiber could help to maintain a healthy gut microbiota.
